Polymorphic Eruption of Pregnancy: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

During pregnancy, a woman’s body undergoes various changes, including dermatological ones such as acne, melasma, stretch marks, or varicose veins. Another common skin condition that may occur during pregnancy is polymorphic eruption of pregnancy. Specifically, this condition typically affects 1 in 160–300 pregnant women and usually appears during the third trimester.

What Are the Characteristics of This Condition?

Polymorphic eruption of pregnancy has the following characteristics:

• The appearance of small, raised, and bumpy spots on the abdomen and thighs that spread to the lower limbs and, more rarely, to the arms. These can evolve into streaks or patches on the lower body. The neck and face are usually unaffected.
• Intense itching

How Long Does It Last?

It lasts about four to six weeks and disappears within a few days after delivery. However, in some cases, it may persist for a few weeks postpartum.

Is This Condition Concerning for the Expectant Mother?

The answer to this question is “no,” as it is not dangerous for either the mother or the baby. Although the itching may be extremely bothersome, there are no concerning short- or long-term consequences.

What Causes Polymorphic Eruption of Pregnancy?

The truth is that experts do not clearly know what exactly causes this rash. However, there are some basic theories regarding it. Specifically, the rapid stretching of the skin may cause damage to the connective tissue, making it vulnerable to inflammation. This would explain why the rash occurs around the third trimester of pregnancy—when the skin stretches further—and more often in women carrying twins. Additionally, this condition could be an allergic reaction of the fetal cells in the mother’s blood.

How Is It Treated?

Treatments for polymorphic eruption of pregnancy aim to relieve intense itching. Indicatively, you can use:

• Oatmeal or baking soda in your bath
• Cool, wet compresses
• Aloe vera gel

Additionally, wearing soft, cotton clothes can also help. At the same time, it is important not to scratch the rash, as the condition may worsen. However, if the itching remains unbearable even after the initial “measures,” your doctor may recommend a topical cream (corticosteroids) or antibiotics.